Answer:-
The organelle that breaks down molecules is the lysosome. Lysosomes are small, enzyme-filled sacs found in animal cells that digest and recycle cellular waste, damaged organelles, and foreign invaders like bacteria. They contain hydrolytic enzymes that break down proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids into simpler molecules. This process, called intracellular digestion, helps maintain a healthy cell by removing debris and recycling useful components. Without lysosomes, cells would accumulate waste and become dysfunctional. Think of them as the cell’s recycling center, ensuring everything stays clean and efficient for proper cellular function.
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