Answer:-
The Germ Theory of Disease, developed in the 19th century by scientists like Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch, states that microorganisms (germs) cause diseases. Before this, people believed in miasma (bad air) as the cause of illness. Germ theory revolutionized medicine, leading to better hygiene, sterilization, and vaccinations. Pasteur’s work on pasteurization and Koch’s identification of specific bacteria for diseases like tuberculosis helped prove the theory. It laid the foundation for modern microbiology, antibiotics, and public health measures. Today, germ theory remains fundamental in preventing and treating infectious diseases through sanitation, vaccines, and antimicrobial medicines.
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