Answer:-
Signal Detection Theory (SDT) explains how we perceive and respond to stimuli amid background noise. It suggests that detecting a signal depends on both the actual stimulus and psychological factors like attention, experience, and expectations. SDT is used in various fields, from medical testing to cybersecurity, helping to understand false alarms and missed detections. For example, a doctor analyzing an X-ray must distinguish between normal tissue and a possible tumor, balancing accuracy and caution. The theory highlights that perception is not just about senses but also decision-making under uncertainty, influenced by biases and external conditions.
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