Answer:-
Modernization theory explains how societies progress from traditional to modern systems through industrialization, technological advancements, and social changes. It suggests that economic growth, education, and democratic institutions lead to modernization, often following the path of Western nations. The theory argues that as societies develop, they become more urbanized, secular, and innovative. Critics say it overlooks cultural differences and historical contexts, assuming a one-size-fits-all model. Despite this, modernization theory remains influential in understanding economic and social development, guiding policies in developing countries to promote progress, stability, and improved living standards.
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