Answer:-
Germ theory is the idea that microscopic organisms—bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites—cause diseases. Proposed by Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch, this theory revolutionized medicine by shifting the focus from “bad air” (miasma) to infectious agents. It led to life-saving advancements like vaccines, sterilization, and antibiotics. The theory explains how germs spread through air, water, food, and direct contact, emphasizing hygiene and sanitation to prevent infections. Thanks to germ theory, modern medicine can effectively combat diseases, improving public health and life expectancy. It remains the foundation of microbiology and epidemiology today.
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