Answer:-
Functionalist theory, rooted in sociology, views society as a system where all parts work together to maintain stability. Developed by thinkers like Émile Durkheim and Talcott Parsons, it sees institutions—such as family, education, and government—as essential for social order. Each part serves a function, contributing to the whole. For example, schools educate future workers, while laws maintain order. When one part fails, society adapts to restore balance. Critics argue it overlooks inequality and conflict, but it remains useful for understanding how societies function and evolve. This theory is widely applied in sociology, anthropology, and even psychology.
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