Answer:-
In biology, geographic isolation refers to the physical separation of members of a species by a barrier such as mountains, rivers, or distance. This isolation prevents populations from interbreeding, leading to reproductive isolation over time. As a result, each group may evolve independently, developing different traits through natural selection, mutation, and genetic drift. Eventually, this can lead to the formation of new species—a process known as speciation. Geographic isolation is a key factor in evolutionary biology because it helps explain how biodiversity arises in nature through the separation and adaptation of species in different environments.
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